The overall goal of this study is to find out what effects, good and/or bad, a low
dose and a high dose of lenalidomide have on children, adolescents and young
adults with recurrent (has come back after being treated), refractory (has not gone
away with previous treatment), or progressive (is not responding to previous
treatments) Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytomas (JPA) and Optic Pathway Gliomas
(OPG).

This study is for patients with prostate cancer. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of dose-escalated radiation therapy with or without hormone therapy on your prostate cancer.
There are 2 treatment groups in this study:
1) Patients who receive radiation therapy only
2) Patients who receive radiation therapy plus hormone therapy
Patients will receive 44 radiation treatments over approximately 2 months. If the patient chooses to receive the brachytherapy implant, he will receive 25 daily treatments plus the implant procedure over a timeframe of approximately 6 weeks. Hormone therapy, if given, will last 6 months. After patients are finished receiving therapy, the study doctor will ask them to visit the office for follow-up exams at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after finishing radiation treatment, every 6 months for 4 years, and yearly thereafter.

the United States, it is standard treatment for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NBL) to receive the drugs carboplatin, etoposide and melphalan (CEM) as the preparative regimen in Consolidation therapy prior to Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT). BuMel Consolidation therapy has recently been studied in patients with high-risk NBL in some European countries. The findings from those studies indicate that the use of BuMel prior to ASCT may be linked to an increase in the survival rate for patients when compared to CEM. Those studies also indicate that the chance of the disease coming back (a relapse) may be lower among the patients who received BuMel Consolidation therapy. In North America the BuMel combination is considered experimental. In this study, researchers want to find out if a combination of busulfan and melphalan (BuMel) can be given as Consolidation therapy prior to ASCT for subjects with newly diagnosed high-risk NBL. The main goal of this study is to find out what effects, good and/or bad, a BuMel preparative regimen given before ASCT has on people with newly diagnosed high-risk NBL.

Ependymoma is a type of rare childhood cancer that occurs in the brain and spinal cord. Survival statistics are generally disappointing with a 5-year survival of 50-64%. The standard of care for ependymoma is maximal surgical resection followed by radiation therapy directed at the primary site of disease.

Radiation therapy is associated with immediate and long-term toxicities in children, especially young children. For this reason, it has been the practice of some doctors not to give radiation therapy to children with ependymoma when the tumor has been completely surgically removed. The investigators who designed this study have created strict measures to choose those who will not receive additional treatment after surgery and careful follow-up to minimize the risks to those who are assigned to observation only.

This study is for women or men with hormone responsive breast cancer that has already been removed by surgery and have completed any required chemotherapy or radiation. The purpose of this study is to see whether treatment with everolimus plus hormone treatment after chemotherapy will increase the time without cancer returning. The current standard treatment after chemotherapy is hormone treatment alone. Everolimus is a drug currently approved for the treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic kidney cancer. It is considered investigational for breast cancer patients. In this study subjects will get hormone treatment with either everolimus or with placebo (a pill with no medication). The combination of hormone-treatment and everolimus is experimental in patients with breast cancer.
It is expected that subjects will be enrolled in this study for approximately 54 weeks or until side effects become too great, or until cancer returns. After subjects are finished with study treatment, they will return to the clinic every six months for the first 2 years and then yearly for the next 10 years.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of hormone therapy (androgen deprivation) and TAK-700 plus radiation therapy with hormone therapy (androgen deprivation) and radiation therapy on patients with prostate cancer.
There are 2 treatment groups in this study. Group 1will receive hormone therapy plus radiation therapy only and Group 2 will receive hormone therapy and TAK-700 plus radiation therapy.
Subjects will receive hormone therapy for 24 months. Radiation will be given in 44 treatments over approximately 2 months. If the subject is in Group 2 they will take TAK-700 for 24 months. After the subject is finished receiving therapy, the study doctor will ask the subject to visit the office for follow-up exams every 6 months for 3 years and then once a year.

This study is being done for the following reasons:
•This study is being done to find out if a combination of just two chemotherapy drugs, docetaxel and cyclophosphamide, is as good as using different combinations of the chemotherapy drugs doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, given with either docetaxel or paclitaxel, in treating your type of breast cancer. All of these drugs are used in standard combinations of chemotherapy for breast cancer.
•The researchers also want to learn about the side effects of the combinations of drugs used in this study. Side effect information will also be studied to see if there are any differences between the two-drug and three-drug chemotherapy combinations.
•In order to learn more about cancer tumors, this study includes special research tests that will be done on tumor tissue that was removed during your breast cancer surgery. Information about this study requirement will be explained to you in more detail later in this consent form.

To collect information about the patient's leukemia and to seek the optimal treatment for children with ALL based on the individual level of risk of the cancer coming back after treatment. The risk groups are defined as a result of recent research conducted by the Children's Oncology Group (COG). We would like to learn if the use of an experimental intrathecal therapy (ITT), which has been given to many people with ALL and has been well tolerated, would be better at preventing relapse in the central nervous system and improve disease outcomes in children with High Risk ALL.

The purpose of this study is to compare the good and bad effects of a new approach that includes surgery plus radiation for the tumor in your breast to the standard approach of continued treatment with the medication which is working to control your tumor.

The primary purposes of this study are to:
•Provide access to cord blood units for recipients whose best choice for a cord blood unit(s) do not meet all FDA standards, but do meet standards set by the NMDP on this study.
•Assess how well and how quickly blood counts return to normal after transplant in recipients on this study.