This study will enroll patients with different types of cancer, as well as healthy patients with no history of cancer, into four cohorts to collect urine and/or blood samples only. The study will collect biospecimen samples to support further development of a urine-based ctDNA test. The study will enroll a total of 920 patients over 4 years.

This study is to compare the usual treatment (radiation plus temozolomide alone) to using the study treatment (usual treatment plus the study drug, vorasidenib). The addition of the study drug, vorasidenib, to the usual treatment could shrink or stabilize your cancer. The study drug is FDA (Food and Drug Administration approved. The study drug will be given orally. The study will randomize (the computer will pick the group that the participant will be enrolled in) participant to Group 1 or Group 2. Participants can expect to be on the trial for 10 years or more. There will 4 participants enrolled locally.

The study will examine the effects of a 10-week resistance training program, with or without creatine monohydrate supplementation, on changes in body composition, physical function, cancer-related fatigue, quality of life, and symptom burden in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors. All participants will undergo screening that includes completion of questionnaires, exercise testing and physical function assessments before and after the treatment period as well as at a 10-week follow up evaluation. We hypothesize that group that completes resistance training with creatine monohydrate supplementation will achieve greater improvements in body composition, physical function, cancer-related fatigue, quality of life, and symptom burden when compared to the group that completes resistance training alone.

Patients are matched with this clinical trial based on their biomarker test results in the myeloMATCH study. This treatment trial is for adults (ages 18-59) with high-risk AML who have not started treatment yet. Doctors consider AML high risk if it has certain biomarkers that can make it harder to treat. Treatment plans for AML often involve several phases of treatment. The first phase aims to get rid of as many leukemia cells as possible. It helps make it easier for further treatment to keep the cancer under control. Usually, the first treatment patients receive for AML is a combination of 2 chemotherapy drugs, daunorubicin and cytarabine. The purpose of this study is to learn if other options for first treatment may work better for people with high-risk AML. The study doctors will test 4 new treatments and compare them to the usual chemotherapy. This is important because knowing AML is high-risk gives doctors more information about the cancer and how to treat it. People with high-risk AML may benefit from a different approach to treatment. Improving options for people in the first phase of treatment could make further phases of treatment more successful.

This study is recruiting pediatric patients who have been diagnosed with osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy of childhood and adolescence. The goal of the study is to determine the feasibility of adding cabozantinib to standard MAP (high dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic osteosarcoma with a resectable primary tumor and to compare the effects, good and/or bad, of cabozantinib in combination with MAP versus MAP alone on people with newly diagnosed OST to find out which is better. Common side effects of chemotherapy include nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and fatigue (tiredness). Participants will receive the medications through an IV in their arm and PO. Study participation is expected to last up to 16 months.

This study is for patients diagnosed with early-stage melanoma and are the age of 75 or older. The usual approach for patients who are not in a study is treatment with two surgical procedures, a wide local excision (WLE) plus a sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy, followed by immunotherapy. The purpose of this study is to find if performing the WLE alone is just as effective as the usual approach and if it leads to improvements in patients' overall well-being.

A wide local excision (A wide local excision (WLE) is a surgical procedure performed to cut out an abnormal lesion and some surrounding normal tissue; this is sometimes followed by a sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy, in which lymph nodes that cancer cells could spread to are removed as well. Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses your body's immune system to identify and attack cancer cells.

Patients may participate in this study for up to 5 years. Procedures include a surgical biopsy, surveys, and regular visits with your doctor including follow-up study visits or phone calls every 6 months. There will be about 428 people taking part in this study, approximately 39 participants will be enrolled at MUSC.

Risks include infection, scarring, and bleeding. Participants may or may not receive a direct benefit from participating in this trial, however, information learned from the trial may help other people in the future.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate investigational treatments (study drug) for locally advanced/metastatic colorectal cancer. This study seeks to see if Fruquintinib in combination with TAS-102 improves overall survival when compared to Fruquintinib alone.The goal is to determine the optimal dose level, safety, and tolerability for the study drug.Treatment for this study may be up to 3 years. The procedures include blood and urine samples, questionnaires, infusions, and CT scans. Risks include high blood pressure, diarrhea, vomiting, reduced appetite, weight loss, hoarse voice, joint pain, and weakness. You may or may not receive a direct benefit from participating in this trial, however, information learned from the trial may help other people in the future.

This study will enroll patients that were either diagnosed with hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in the past 6 weeks or have been diagnosed with cirrhosis but do not have HCC. Patients will have a blood sample collected to test if a new blood-based biomarker is accurate in the early detectection of HCC.

This study is for patients who have been diagnosed with low grade, intermediate risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. It is testing an investigational drug called TYRA-300. "Investigational" means that the drug has not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The purpose of the study is to see whether TYRA-300 can shrink or eliminate bladder tumors without surgery. Normally, standard care involves a surgery called transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), but in this study at least one tumor will remain in place to see if the study drug works. The study will also evaluate the genetics of the cancer to see if certain mutations or changes in proteins affect how the drug works.

TYRA-300 is taken by mouth once daily. The dose level will be assigned by the study doctor. Participants may be in the study for about 36 months, which includes a screening period (up to 28 days), a study treatment phase (with visits every 4 weeks and more frequent visits during the first 8 weeks), an end-of-treatment visit, a safety follow-up about 28 days later, and long-term follow-up every 12 weeks. There will be a total of 3 patients enrolled locally over the course of 12 months.

This study is for patients who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer that is prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive and has spread despite treatment with another androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI). This study is testing an investigational drug called AAA817. "Investigational" means it has not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In this study, participants will be randomly assigned (like flipping a coin) to receive AAA817 alone, AAA817 with an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI), or standard of care treatment. The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether AAA817, given alone or in combination with an ARPI, is safe and effective compared to standard of care treatments. This drug is given to participants as a radioligand therapy infusion. Participants in this study can expect to be in the study for up to 6.1 years, including two visits before starting treatment, visits every 4 weeks during treatment, and visits every 12 weeks during long-term follow-up for up to 5 years after treatment ends.. There will be a total of 9 patients enrolled locally.