This study is for men or women who received stereotactic radiosurgery to treat cancer that spread to their brain, and now the cancer has returned in other areas of the brain. This study is being done to see if by adding radiation therapy called whole-brain radiation therapy that avoids the hippocampus to preserver memory plus medication approved to treat dementia can extend these patients lives.

This study is for men and women with recurrent glioblastoma. The purpose of the study is to see if adding immune therapy drugs to usual radiation therapy can shrink or stabilize brain cancer.

This study is for newly diagnosed previously untreated neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) associated with low-grade glioma (LGG). The purpose of this study is to see if selumetinib works just as well as the standard treatment of carboplatin/vincristine (CV) for subjects with NF1-associated LGG, and to see if selumetinib is better than CV in improving vision in subjects with LGG of the optic pathway. Participants can expect to receive treatment for up to 24 months, until the cancer gets worse or until the side effects are too great. After study completion, participants will continue to be followed for up to 10 years.

This study is for newly diagnosed or previously untreated low-grade glioma (LGG). The overall goal of this study is to see if selumetinib works just as well as the standard treatment using carboplatin and vincristine (called CV) for subjects with LGG. Selumetinib is a drug that works by blocking a protein (a basic building block of the human body) that lets cancer cells grow without stopping. Participants can expect to receive treatment on this study for about 1–2 years. After study completion, participants will continue to be followed for up to 10 years.

This study is for participants that have been diagnosed with Medulloblastoma. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of using an investigational agent called DFMO for Medulloblastoma. An investigational drug is one that has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This study will look at the ability of this study drug to either keep participants tumor in remission or if they have active tumor, for their tumor to respond to the treatment and will also look at the safety and tolerability of DFMO. After this first day participants will be seen in clinic once every 30 days for the first 6 months of the study, after that they will be seen once every 90 days for the remainder of the study. These visits will last about 2 hours.

This study is for participants that have been diagnosed with small cell lung cancer, that has spread to the brain. The purpose of this study is to see if high dose radiation therapy delivered only to the small areas of brain cancer and avoiding the surrounding normal brain tissue, called stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), decrease side effects related to memory and thinking compared to radiation to the entire brain, called, whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) that avoids the hippocampus but treats all of the brain tissue along with a drug that helps preserve memory and thinking called memantine. Participants can expect to be on this study for up to 6 months, depending on what treatment they receive (SRS alone or HA-WBRT with memantine). Participants will then be followed every 2 to 3 months for at least 1 year after study completion and then every 6 months for their lifetime or until disease progression.

This study is for patients with rare Central Nervous (brain or spine) tumors. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the experimental drug, nivolumab can shrink tumors in patients with rare Central Nervous System (brain or spine) tumors or increase the time it takes for these tumors to grow or spread throughout the body.

This study is for participants that have been diagnosed with a high-risk neuroblastoma that cannot be treated or did not improve with existing therapies, or the cancer came back after treatment with existing therapies. This study involves investigational drugs called 64Cu-SARTATE and 67Cu-SARTATE. The investigational drugs will be given as an IV injection. The study is divided into 2 parts: The Dose Escalation Phase and the Cohort Expansion Phase. The phase that participants will enroll to will depend on when they enter the study. The age range for participants is from 12 months to 25 years. Participants can expect to be in this study for approximately 14 months. Then followed by remote or virtual visits every 6 months for up to 36 months (3 years) after the initial dose of study therapy drug 67Cu-SARTATE.

This trial is for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients who, after surgery or biopsy, are good candidates for radiation therapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) treatments. The purpose of this study is to see how safe and how well a medical device called Optune works together with the other standard of care treatments for GBM (RT and TMZ). Optune is a device that uses Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) which are low intensity electric fields that interfere with the division process of cancer cells. Optune has been approved for the treatment of recurrent and newly diagnosed GBM by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to one of two groups:
-The Experimental Group: TTFields using the Optune system upfront with RT and TMZ followed by the use of Optune and TMZ
-The Control Group: Beginning treatment of RT and TMZ, followed by the use of Optune and TMZ
Patients will have clinic visits every 4 weeks and continue on TTFields for 24 months until their disease gets worse or they or their doctor decided to stop treatment.

This study is for patients with brain cancer. This study is being done to see if by using stereotactic radiosurgery can reduce symptoms and lower the chance of the cancer growing compared to the ususal radiotherapy.