This study is for subjects that have been diagnosed with prostate cancer that can be removed by surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a group of drugs called statins can help to reduce the risk of prostate cancer returning after surgery. The drug used in this study is a particular type of statin called simvastatin. Simvastatin is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to help lower cholesterol (fatty deposits in your blood) and decrease the risk of heart disease. Its use in this research study is considered investigational, and not FDA approved for the subject's cancer. Subjects can expect to be in the active participation portion of this study for about 3 months. Afterwards, the study team may contact them or their medical providers every 6 months to follow their cancer care and collect information on their current health status.

This study is for patients who have been diagnosed with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to compare two usual treatment approaches to head and neck cancer: high-dose cisplatin given every 3 weeks with radiation to low-dose cisplatin given weekly with radiation. The usual approach for patients who are not in this study is treatment with radiation therapy combined with the chemotherapy drug cisplatin. Cisplatin is a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat your head and neck cancer. Cisplatin can be given at different doses and at different times during radiation, but the most common way to give cisplatin is either as a high-dose every 3 weeks or a low-dose weekly during radiation. Participants can expect to be on this study for up to 7 weeks and then followed annually until disease progression.

This study is for patients that have been diagnosed with leukemia. This study is called a screening study and we are doing this study to find better ways to diagnose and treat leukemia in children, adolescents and young adults. Bone marrow, blood, and medical information about participant's cancer and treatment will be collected. Participants can expect to be on this study for 5 years.

This study is for patients that have been diagnosed with non-germinomatous germ cell tumor (NGGCT). The goal of this study is to see if radiation therapy (RT) to the spine and a portion of the brain works just as well as the standard treatment, which includes RT to the whole brain and spine, for people with NGGCT who agree to take part in this study, and whose disease responds well to induction chemotherapy, or who have no signs of disease following surgery. Participants can expect to receive treatment on this study for about 6 to 11 months, depending on which therapy they receive. After study completion, participants will continue to be followed for up to 10 years.

This study is for newly diagnosed or previously untreated low-grade glioma (LGG). The overall goal of this study is to see if selumetinib works just as well as the standard treatment using carboplatin and vincristine (called CV) for subjects with LGG. Selumetinib is a drug that works by blocking a protein (a basic building block of the human body) that lets cancer cells grow without stopping. Participants can expect to receive treatment on this study for about 1–2 years. After study completion, participants will continue to be followed for up to 10 years.

This study is for participants that have been diagnosed with Medulloblastoma. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of using an investigational agent called DFMO for Medulloblastoma. An investigational drug is one that has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This study will look at the ability of this study drug to either keep participants tumor in remission or if they have active tumor, for their tumor to respond to the treatment and will also look at the safety and tolerability of DFMO. After this first day participants will be seen in clinic once every 30 days for the first 6 months of the study, after that they will be seen once every 90 days for the remainder of the study. These visits will last about 2 hours.

This study is for participants with tumors from pediatric cancers and genomic/molecular testing was done as part of standard of care treatment. This is an observational study; therefore, only information about the disease and medical treatment will be collected and participants will not receive any treatments or additional medications. The sponsor, Beat Childhood Cancer, will collect and store personal health information and molecular/genomic test results, tissue samples, and bodily fluids (examples: additional tube(s) of blood, urine, bone marrow or cerebral spinal fluid) that are left over after testing or treatment is completed in a data registry and a specimen bank, and make these available for future research. Database personnel will continue to collect and store participant information from future visits, as long as they do not withdraw from participation in this study.

This study is for subjects that have been diagnosed with cancer, as well as healthy research subjects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk factors for development of immune related adverse side effects from cancer immunotherapy and to evaluate differences from healthy research subjects. Participation in the study will take about 2 visits over a period of 6 months.

This study is for patients who have cancer and are experiencing loss of weight and appetite. The study wants to find out if this taking olanzapine for four weeks will increase your appetite as compared to megestrol acetate. The study is looking to see if that approach is better or worse than the usual approach for your loss of appetite and weight. The usual approach is defined as care most people get for loss of appetite.

This study is for subjects that have been diagnosed with AML (acute myeloid leukemia) and MDS (myelodysplastic syndrome). This study is testing an "investigational" (not yet FDA approved) study drug called Sea-CD70. This study will find out if the drug is safe and tolerable, and find out the maximum tolerated dose (highest dose of a drug or treatment that does not cause unacceptable side effects) or recommended dose for the next phase of clinical study. The subject will be given the study drug in 28 day cycles. At any given visit, the subject may undergo procedures, such as a physical exam, blood samples, ECG (electrocardiogram), or a bone marrow exam. The subject may remain in the study for up to approximately 3 years.