This is a smoking cessation treatment study. Patients who have a cancer or a suspected cancer who will undergo surgical removal of their cancer are eligible to participate in this study. A novel smoking cessation treatment will be provided to half of the participants in the study. All study participants will receive standard smoking cessation therapy including counseling and the nicotine patch.

A prospective parallel cohort study generating two groups of participants will be performed in NEPTUNE. The two groups are: (1) Cohort A which includes the FSGS/MCD Cohort; and the MN Cohort, both incipient and prevalent biopsied patients; and (2) Cohort B – a non-biopsy, treatment-naïve, pediatric cohort less than 19 years of age, cNEPTUNE. The sample size for the combined FSGS/MCD and MN Cohorts is a minimum of 800 participants, with a minimum of 375 new patients recruited under Protocol V5.0. The sample size for the second group, cNEPTUNE, will be a minimum of 200 participants. Participants will be recruited into each subgroup concurrently. All participants who meet the inclusion criteria at the participating centers will be enrolled if the participants or their legally authorized representative(s) provide comprehensive written informed consent. A recruit-to-replace strategy will be employed throughout the enrollment phase. Cohort A study visits including screening/eligibility, baseline, biopsy, and follow-up visits, and SMS texting. Study visits for Cohort B, cNEPTUNE, including screening/eligibility, baseline, follow-up visits, and SMS texting.

Subjects in the first group will be enrolled in the GM-CSF for Reversal of Immunoparalysis in Pediatric Sepsis-induced MODS (GRACE-2) trial, comparing GM-CSF versus placebo. Subjects in the second group will be an observational cohort with no intervention, because this group has very low mortality and morbidity. Subjects in the third group will be enrolled in the Targeted Reversal of Inflammation in Pediatric Sepsis-induced MODS (TRIPS) trial, comparing anakinra and placebo. The fourth group, with very severe inflammation,
will be an observational cohort because clinical management of the inflammation
is standard of care, and there is no equipoise about enrolling these children in a placebo controlled trial. The primary outcome of both trials will be duration and severity of organ dysfunction using the cumulative PELOD-2 score, and secondary outcomes will assess health related quality of life and family functioning at 3 and 12 months.

This research study aims to learn more about children and adolescents who have a shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) infection. E. coli is a type of bacteria found in the intestines. Although most types of E. coli are harmless, some produce toxins that can make children sick. This study will assess what type of treatment is best for this infection.

The purpose of this study is to learn how well a new mobile app helps families manage their child's nephrotic syndrome. We will be asking what parents think of the new app and how we can improve the design of the app. We will look for 60 parents to participate in the study, from 4 children's kidney clinics in the United States. The study will last 12 months. Participants will be asked to check their child's urine protein levels at home daily and answer surveys. If participants are randomly assigned to the mobile app study arm, they will be asked to use the app. The risks associated with participating in this study include loss of privacy and breach of confidentiality. There are no anticipated benefits to your child from participating in the study, but we hope that in the future the app will help families manage nephrotic syndrome. The alternative is to not participate in this study. Participants will be compensated for their participation in the study.

Many people smoke cigarettes and use e-cigarettes, and have a hard time stopping. Nicotine replacement therapy medications, such as nicotine patches and lozenges, have been shown to help people quit e-cigarette use. The purpose of the present study is to see how well nicotine patches and lozenges help people quit both smoking and vaping, and to determine if higher doses of the medication work best.