The purpose of this study is to determine whether the using specific breathing strategies during anesthesia for patients having surgery on their liver and intestines in an effort to help them breathe better after surgery. This will be tested with an incentive spirometer before and after surgery and those results will be compared to people having similar surgery without these extra strategies.
We propose to play the song "Weightless" during epidural placement on an iPhone set to medium volume. The song (all 6 continual parts) is 43 minutes long and will be started just before epidural placement and stopped just after end of procedure. The control group will be expectant mothers who do not have "Weightless" playing during their epidural placement. The goal is to determine if playing "the most relaxing song in the world" helps to reduce laboring parturients anxiety and improve their overall satisfaction with the experience.